explain the relationship of Holy Roman Empire and the popes
by: Adhithi Baskar
Holy Roman Empire
-After Carolingian Empire faded out the count, dukes, and other
authorities took responsibility of giving order to there region.
- Gradually, some of them extended there influence beyond their
jurisdictions ans built larger state.
- Otto of Saxony was very aggressive.
- By mid tenth century, he had made him the king of Northern Germany
- He ventured into Italy to quell political disturbances, protect church, and
seek opportunity to the south.
- Because of his aid the Pope John XII made him the emperor in 962 C.E.
(birth of Holy Roman Empire).
-After Carolingian Empire faded out the count, dukes, and other
authorities took responsibility of giving order to there region.
- Gradually, some of them extended there influence beyond their
jurisdictions ans built larger state.
- Otto of Saxony was very aggressive.
- By mid tenth century, he had made him the king of Northern Germany
- He ventured into Italy to quell political disturbances, protect church, and
seek opportunity to the south.
- Because of his aid the Pope John XII made him the emperor in 962 C.E.
(birth of Holy Roman Empire).
Popes and Emperor
- Even though the popes crowded the medieval Emperor their relationship was always tense. - Both popes and emperor made a large claim on christian Europe. - there relationship become strained when emperor sought of influence the church officials, which was the popes regarded as there own rights. - Also when emperors seek to extend the they authority into Italy, where popes provided a long political leadership. |
Investiture Contest
- Either Popes nor the emperors were strong enough to dominate the other, but the popes were able to prevent the emperor from building imperial state that could thread the papacy - The capacity of papacy was apparent during the Investiture Contest - From the early day of Holy Roman Empire, the imperial authorities were named important church officials. - High clergy provided political as were as religious services. - In order to control the clergy and ensure the church officials met appropriate criteria Pope Gregory VII (1073- 1085 C.E.) ordered a end to the practice of lay investiture. - When Emperor Henry IV (1056- 1106 C.E.) challenged to pope's policy Gregory excommunication him. - German prince took the opportunity to rebel against the emperor - Henry regained his control over the empire eventually. - German Prince won the concession that enhance this independent and diminished the emperor's authority. |
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Frederick Barbarossa
- Popes and emperors clashed over their conflicting interest in Italy as well as the appointment of church officials - Among the vigorous the medieval Emperor was Frederick I Frederick Barbarossa (1152-1190 C.E.) - Red Beard - Worked from his ancestral land in southern Germany - Seek to absorb the wealthy and increasing urban region of Lombardy in Northern Italy - Integration of Lombardy with his German holding provided Barbarossa with the resources to control German Prince, build a powerful state, and to dominate most parts of Europe. - This didn't appeal to popes, who supported the other part of European cities on behalf of Italian cities. - By Barbarossa's end of resign, the papal coalition has forced the emperor to give up his right in Lombardy. - Once again, papal policies forestalled the transformation of the Holy Roman Empire into a powerful state. |
College Board Themes:
2. Development and Interactions of Cultures
- Religion, and belief system
Why: It is religion and belief system, because the
topic discusses about the Pope and Holy Roman Empire and how
they transformed the social structure.